In this paper, regulation of solar fed water pumping system by Maximum Power Point Technique (MPPT) and Proportional–Integral (PI) controller is modeled. This system
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A locally installed photovoltaic (PV)-powered motor pump is a viable solution for a water pumping system (WPS) in rural locations. In this study, a single-stage, PV-fed, SRM
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The control of induction motor is achieved through fuzzy logic control based on direct torque method. However, the classical PI controller is adopted for speed regulation. The
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In Zoom 2 (high solar radiation) PSO-DTC maintains closer alignment to the reference speed of 150 rad/s, with fewer deviations than ANN-DTC. Figure 12 g depicts the
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Intelligent Speed Regulation for Demand-Based Pumping One of the most significant advantages of a solar pump inverter is its ability to
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As the demand for clean energy grows, inverters empower solar water pumps through MPPT technology, achieving soft start and stop, intelligent speed regulation and on
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A locally installed photovoltaic (PV)-powered motor pump is a viable solution for a water pumping system (WPS) in rural locations. In this study, a single-stage, PV-fed, SRM
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Intelligent Speed Regulation for Demand-Based Pumping One of the most significant advantages of a solar pump inverter is its ability to match pump speed with real-time water
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(DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-0969-8_33) In this paper, regulation of solar fed water pumping system by Maximum Power Point Technique (MPPT) and Proportional–Integral (PI)
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A new scheme for an efficient self-sustained 4-phase SRM driven solar water pump utilizing single input dual output DC-DC converter as a MPPT converter is proposed in this work.
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However, PLC integration with sensors, actuators, and pumps, power consumption optimization, maintenance, and cost-effectiveness prevent their broad implementation. This
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A PMSM-driven water pump with field-oriented control is also shown in 37. To obtain a superior MPPT operation, the controller will change the motor''s reference speed.
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The global utility-scale photovoltaic market is experiencing significant growth in Southern Africa, with demand increasing by over 400% in the past five years. Large-scale solar farms now account for approximately 70% of all new renewable energy capacity additions in the region. South Africa leads with 65% market share in the SADC region, driven by REIPPPP (Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme) and corporate PPAs that have reduced levelized electricity costs by 60-70% compared to traditional power sources. The average project size has increased from 10MW to over 50MW, with standardized EPC approaches cutting installation timelines by 65% compared to traditional solutions. Emerging technologies including bifacial modules and single-axis tracking have increased energy yields by 25-35%, while manufacturing innovations and local content requirements have created new economic opportunities across the solar value chain. Typical utility-scale projects now achieve payback periods of 4-6 years with levelized costs below $0.04/kWh.
Containerized energy storage solutions are revolutionizing power management across Southern Africa's industrial and commercial sectors. Mobile 20ft and 40ft BESS containers now provide flexible, scalable energy storage with deployment times reduced by 80% compared to traditional stationary installations. Advanced lithium-ion technologies (NMC and LFP) have increased energy density by 40% while reducing costs by 35% annually. Intelligent energy management systems now optimize charging/discharging cycles based on real-time electricity pricing, increasing ROI by 50-70%. Safety innovations including advanced thermal management and integrated fire suppression have reduced risk profiles by 90%. These innovations have improved project economics significantly, with commercial and industrial energy storage projects typically achieving payback in 3-5 years through peak shaving, demand charge reduction, and backup power capabilities. Recent pricing trends show standard 20ft containers (500kWh-1MWh) starting at $180,000 and 40ft containers (1MWh-2.5MWh) from $350,000, with flexible financing including lease-to-own and energy-as-a-service models available.